Combination-tool



\ (No Model.) Sheets-Sheet 1.

S. J. JHNSTN.

OMBINATIN TOUL.

No. 530,419. Patented De... 4, 1894.

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2 sheets-'sheen 2.

Nw O MN Nm HT OA JN .M TUM ..0 SMU .u d o M o m Patented Dec. 4, 1894.

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NTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL J. JOHNSTON, 0F LEESBURG, VIRGINIA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 530,419, dated December4, 1894..`

A Application filed. July 19, 1894- Serial No. 518.017. (No model.)

To afZZ whom. it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL J. JOHNSTON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Lees burg, in the county of Loudoun and State of Virginia,have invented a new and useful Combination-Tool, of which thefollowingis a specification.

This invention relates to combination tools; and it has for its objecttoprovide a new and useful tool of this character that can be used for avariety of dierent purposes.

To this'end the mainv and primary object 0f the present invention is toconstruct a combination tool or wrench the several parts of which arereadily adj ustable and interchangeable to adapt the tool for use asdifferent kinds of wrenches, as a vise, as a bit brace, and in fact forany purpose to which the tool could possibly be adapted.

With theseand other objects in view which will readily appear as thenature of the invention is better understood, the same con` sists in thenovel construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinaftermore fully described, illustrated and claimed.

In the accompanying drawingsz--Figure l is a perspective view of acombination tool constructed in accordance with this invention arrangedfor use as a combination monkey-wrench. Fig. 2 is a cent-rallongitudinal sectional view thereof. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectionalview on the line :1cof Fig. 2.`

gripping face of one of the jaws of the tool. Fig. 5 is a detail inperspective of the adjustable bench clamp separated from the sliding jawof the tool. A Fig. 6 is a side elevation partly in section of the toolemployed as a bit-brace. Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig.- 6, showingthe tool adapted for use as a wagonwrench. Fig. 8 isa detail inperspective of the removable brace-arm and screw driver bit carriedthereby. Fig. 9A is a side elevation of the tool employed .as anS-wrench. Fig. 10, is a sectional View on the line y-y of Fig. 9. Fig.1l, is a side elevation of the tool employed as a bench-vise.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, l designates the squaredtool-shank provided at oneiend with the right angularly disposedstationary jaw 2, opposite to which works the sliding jaw 3, that ismounted to slide on the tool-shank l, and is adjusted to and away fromthe stationary or fixed jaw 2, by means of the adjusting screw 4,arranged to work at one side of the shank l, and swiveled at one end inone end of the cross-arm orI bar 5, arrangedat and connected to the endof the shank l, opposite to the jaw 2; and at one side of the cross-armor bar 5, the said ad-4 j usting screw has attached thereto the thumb jor finger-nut 6, that provides means for conveniently operating thescrew 4, to properly adjust the jaw 3, to and away from the j aw 2. Theinner gripping faces of the opposed jaws 2 and 3, are provided with aseries of transverse gripping teeth or serrations 7, that provide meansfor firmly grippingl a nut or any other object tight and preventing thesame from slipping while being operated upon by the tool when employedas a common nut or pipe Wrench. The inner opposing faces of said jaws 2and 3 are further provided with the tapered registering angular notchesor grooves 8, that are adapted to receive the squared shank or stem of abit of any character, when the tool is employed as a bit brace or forother similar purposes, and adjacent to the shank l, at about the innerextremities of the gripping faces ofthe said jaws the same are providedwith the directly opposite recesses or pockets 9, which receive theopposite portions of the head of an ordinary nail, which, when clampedbetween the jaws, 2 and 3, and also in the notches or grooves 8, may beemployed as a gimlet to bore holes when the various parts of the toolare assembled to adapt the same for a bit brace as'shown in Fig. 6, ofthe drawings. r `In addition to the construction already described, theinner gripping faceof the sliding jaw 3, is provided near the outer endthereof l with a transverse rounded nail groove 10, that is adapted toreceive an Ordinary wire or round nail which is clamped` between the twojaws of the tool for the purpose of being pressed or hammered aroundinto the shape of an ordinary staple adapted for fencing purposes, andby reason of constructing the jaws of the tool in the manner described,it will be apparent that the said jaws are adapted for gripping a greatvariety 0f objects to adapt the tool for various uses.

The cross-arm or bar 5, at one end of the shank 1,isprojected beyondboth sides of the said shank and at one end has mounted therein one endof the adjusting screw 4, as already described, and at its opposite endthe said cross-arm or bar is provided with the separate right angularlydisposed screw studs or posts 11, one of which is disposed at ydirectright angles to the shank 1, and the other of which is disposed in aline parallel with the said shank 1, and either of said screw studs orposts 11 is adapted to have detachably connected thereto one end of thetubular handle spindle 12, on which is loosely mounted the turninghandle 13. The handle spindle l2, is interiorly threaded at one end asat 14, to engage either of the posts 11, and at its threaded end thesaid spindle is provided with a linger collar 15,thatis provided With amilled periphery so that the same can be firmly grasped by the fingersof the hand for the purpose of screwing the handle on the studs or postsor unscrewing the same, and the said linger collar 15, is furtherprovided in the outer face thereof with a circular series of notches 16,in any of which is adapted to engage-the spring actuated catch stud 0rpin 17, that is mounted to slide in the socket 18, formed on one end ofthe crossarm or bar 5, in a line therewith, and provided with a slot 19,to accommodate the movements of the finger button 20, which ismanipulated for the purpose of retracting the said catch stud or pin 17,out of the notches in the collar 15. A spring 21, is arranged in thesocket 18, in rear of the stud or pin 17, to normally project the samebeyond the socket and into any of the notches 16, when the handle isattached to the screw stud or post that is at right angles to thedisposition of the shank 1.

' When the handle is attached to the screw stud or post, that isarranged parallel to the length of the shank l, as plainly shown in Fig.1, of the drawings, it will be seen that the tool is adapted for use asa combination monkey-wrench that may be employed for operating uponnuts, pipes and various other objects onto which the jaws 2 and 3, maybe clamped, and when the handle is attached to the screw stud or postthat is at right angles to the length of the shank 1, the tool may beemployed as an S-wrench as clearly shown in Fig. 9, of the drawings,which is a very desirable form of wrench for certain classes of work inconnection with which the ordinary form of Wrench as shown in Fig. 1 ofthe drawings could not be used, and with reference to the attachment ofthe handle to the screw stud or post just referred to it is to be notedthat the catch device to secure the handle spindle 12, provides meansforinsuring the firm attachment and locking of the handle to the shank ofthe tool and at right angles thereto, even in the event of a threadhaving become worn or otherwise defective.

With the handle attached to the tool shank at right angles thereto inthe manner just described, the tool may be easily adapted for use as awagon wrench as shown in Fig. 7, or as abit-brace as shown in Fig. 6, ofthe drawings. To make provision for these adaptations of the tool theend of the spindle 12, opposite the collar 15, thereof is provided witha squared socket 22, into which is adapted to be removably forced thesquared end 23, of an ordinary brace-arm 24, so that by grasping thehandle 13, and tting any desired bit between the jaws 2 and 3, theordinary functions of a bit-brace may be accomplished or the toolemployed as a wagon wrench for removing the nut of the wheel as shown inFig. 7, of the drawings.

While any form and character of bit may be clamped between the jaws 2and 3, I preferably provide the squared end 23, of the brace-arm 24,with a threaded opening or socket 25, that removably receives thethreaded stem 26, of a screw driver bit 27, which when attached to thebrace arm may be carried inside of the tubular spindle 12, but which maybe readily disconnected from said brace-arm and clamped in the notchesor grooves 8, of the jaws to adapt the tool for use as an ordinary bracescrew-driver.

The sliding jaw 3, of the tool is provided at one side with thetransverse guide plate or bar 28, the opposite extremities of whichproject into the longitudinally disposed slide slots 29, formed in theopposite side arms 0f the U-shaped clamp yoke 30, that embraces saidsliding jaw, and said clamp yoke is provided at its closed end with theclamp plate 31 disposed parallel to the shank 1, and provided with athreaded opening 32, to receive a clamp screw 33, so that the said clampyoke may be pulled out from the slidingjaw to the desired distance, andthe clamp plate and screw engaged under the edge of a bench or table X,so as to adapt the tool for use as a bench vise as shown in Fig. 11, ofthe drawings. When the clamp yoke is not in use, the same is slidentirely over the sliding jaw, and the screw 32, engaged in the screwopening 34, formed in one side of the sliding jaw to provide for lockingthe clamp attachment of the tool to the sliding jaw when not in use.

A few of the uses of the herein described tool have been detailed, butit will be apparent that the said tool may be adapted for many otheruses than those described, as will be readily apparent to thoseacquainted with devices of this character, and it will be understoodthat changes in the form, proportion and the minor details ofconstruction may be resorted to without departing from the "principle orsacrificing any of the advantages of this invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed, and desired to besecured by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a tool of the class described, the combination of the tool shankprovided at one end with a stationary jaw, the sliding jaw mounted onsaid shank, both of said jaws being provided on their opposing faceswith IIO ing recesses or pockets at the inner extremities of saidangular notches or grooves, and said sliding jaw being further providedon its inner gripping face near its outer end with a transverse roundednail groove, and a handle adj ustably attached to one end of said shank,substantially as setforth.

2. In a tool of the class described, the combination with the tool shankcarrying a fixed and an adjustable jaw; of a detachable handle, twofastening means for the handle on the shank, one at right angles theretoand the other parallel therewith, and a catch device for the handleadapted to lock the same in its attached position at right angles to theshank, substantially as set forth.

3. In a tool of the class described, the coin'- bination of the shankcarrying a fixed and an adjustable jaw and provided at one end with across-arm having separate right-angularly-disposed screw studs or posts,a handle spindle provided with an interiorly threaded end adapted toengage either of said studs or posts, a turning handle loosely mountedon said spindle, and a catch device for said spindle arranged in a linewith one of said studs or posts, substantially as set forth.

4. In a tool of the class described, the combination of a shank carryinga fixed and an adjustable jaw and provided at one end with a cross-armhaving at one end separate rightangularly disposed screw studs or posts,a

u"handle spindle provided with an interiorly threaded end adapted toengage either of said studs or posts and a` finger collar at itsthreaded end provided in its outer face with a series of notches, and aspring actuated catch stud or pin mounted onsaid cross-arm the presenceof in a line with one of said studs or posts and adapted to engage thenotches insaid collar, substantially as set forth.

5. In a tool of the class described, the cornbination of a shankcarrying a fixed and an adjustable jaw, and provided at one end with across arm, a tubular handle spindle adapted to be adjustably attached tosaid cross arm and provided in its outer end with a squared socket, anda brace arm provided with a squared end adapted to be fitted in thesocket of said handle spindle, and havinga threaded bit holding openingor socket, substantially as set forth. j

6. In a tool of the class described, the Icombination with the toolshank carrying a :fixed jaw and a sliding jaw working on said shank; ofan adjustable U-shaped clamp fitted to said sliding jaw and adapted toengage the edge of a'bench or table, substantially as set forth.

j 7. In a tool of the class described, the cornbination with a toolshank carrying a xed jaw and a sliding jaw mounted on said shank andprovided in one side with a threaded opening, a transverse guide plateor bar at-` tached to one side of said sliding jaw, a U- shaped clampyoke embracing said vsliding jaw and provided with opposite slotted armsreceiving the extremities of said guide plate or bar, and a clamp platehaving a threaded opening, and a clamp screw mounted in the threadedopening of said clamp plate, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have heretoaflixedmy signature in two witnesses.

SAMUEL J. JOHNSTON. Witnesses:

JOHN H. SIGGERS,

GEO. C. SHOEMAKER.

